雅思写作技巧之同义改写

   同义改写（Paraphrase）是雅思大作文和小作文写作经常使用的一个技巧。比如在开头段写作时，我们需要改写题目。然而，既不能照抄题目，也不能只修改少数几个单词。今天，Lily老师就来和同学们分享一下都有哪些方法可以同义改写，把同一个意思换一种方式表达。

1. 改词性，即名词、动词、形容词等词性之间的相互转换。比如改写这道小作文题目“The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004. ”时，可以把“the consumption of...”变成“the amount that people consumed...”，也就是把名词“consumption”变成动词“consume”。

2. 改数字。还是用上一段的题目举例，可以把“between 1979 and 2004”替换成“during this 25-year period”。如果是“between 1980 and 2000”，可以改写为“during the past two decades”。

3. 近义词替换。同样用上一段的题目举例，“The graph below shows...”可以分别改写为“The following line chart displays...”，即用“line chart”替换“the graph”,“following”替换“below”,“displays”替换“shows”。近义词替换同样还可以展现同学们的词汇量，避免重复使用同一个词，这也是雅思高分作文的要求之一。

4. 使用常用句型。我们可以把一些常用句型加入到需要改写的句子当中，像“There is a controversy about/over whether...”, “People are involved in the discussion about...”，“It is debatable that...”等等，既没有照抄原句，也没有改变原句的意思。比如这道题目“It is often said that subjects taught in schools are too academic in orientation and that it would be more useful for children to learn about practical matters such as home management, work and interpersonal skills. To what extent do you agreeor disagree?”我们可以改写为“In recent years, a criticism has been heard that the subjects taught in schools tend to be too academic. ”

5. 改变句子成分，即改变句子的主语，主动语态变成被动语态等等。比如题目“The population keeps growing nowadays. What effects does it bring? What can we do to maintain the quality of life?”当中的主语是“the population”，那么我们可以把主语转换为“the 21^st century”：“The 21^st century has witnessed a considerable expansion of the world population, which brings about some negative influences on today's society.”

   希望大家可以将这些技巧运用到实际写作当中，让自己的文章更出彩。

---By Lily Li

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