反意疑问句的三大原则与注意事项

在日常口语中，我们常常会听到这样的对话：

“It's very hot today, isn't it?”

“You like playing with the dogs, don't you?”

“Kate didn't play the piano yesterday, did she?”

“They are not watching the movie right now, are they?”

上述句子都是由陈述句+简短疑问句（Question tag）构成的，这种语法现象我们称为反意疑问句。

反意疑问句在日常口语对话中使用频率非常高，这种语法现象不仅起到加强语气的作用，还可以使对话形式多变，避免重复。

那么如何运用反意疑问句呢？

我们只要遵循三大原则，就可以轻松搞定反意疑问句。

1.前肯后否，前否后肯

即：当陈述句为肯定句时，疑问句用否定句；反之亦然

例：

She reads books every day, doesn't she?

John went to school yesterday, didn't he?

You don't know how to spell that word, do you?

He can't speak English, can he?

2.前后人称、时态要一致

即：陈述句和疑问句人称和时态均要保持一致

例：

You are a student, aren't you?

He comes from Japan, doesn't he?

3.疑问句动词部分要缩写、主语部分要用人称代词主格形式

例：

Kate's cat has eaten two fish, hasn't it?

His bike and desk are all red, aren't they?

Her milk isn't bad, is it?

反意疑问句的三点注意事项：

1.回答反意疑问句，只要记得：事实是肯定，用yes；事实是否定，用no

注意：要和中文回答区分开

例：

She isn't a teacher, is she? 她不是教师，是吗？

Yes, she is. 不，她是。

No, she isn't.是的，她不是。

Everything seems all right, doesn't it? 所有的事情都在好转，不是吗？

Yes, it does. 是的，一切都在好转。

No, it doesn’t.  不，不是这样的。

2.如果陈述句含有no, never, hardly, few, little, seldom这类表示否定意义的词，则疑问句用肯定句

例：

He can hardly read English, can he?

It seldom rains here, does it?

He has no classes today, does he?

3.祈使句的反意疑问句，will you多表示“请求”，won't you多表示“提醒对方注意”

例：

Don't forget it, will you?

Come here early please, won't you?

英语在于运用，我们在牢记以上原则和要点的同时，还要多运用，才能真正掌握这一语法现象。

By 温哥华环球雅思 Vivi Liu老师

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